{"id":12337,"date":"2021-10-01T11:41:21","date_gmt":"2021-10-01T10:41:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/?p=12337"},"modified":"2021-10-01T11:41:21","modified_gmt":"2021-10-01T10:41:21","slug":"the-significance-of-religion-in-the-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/2021\/10\/01\/the-significance-of-religion-in-the-world\/","title":{"rendered":"The Significance of Religion in the World"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em>Midway upon the journey of our life<br \/>\nI found myself within a forest dark,<br \/>\nFor the straightforward pathway had been lost.<br \/>\n<\/em><strong>Dante Alighieri<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em>Religion is an emotional need of mankind. The rationalist may not want it, but he has to admit that other people may&#8230;<br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><em>Let\u2019s not leave out a single god! [\u2026] Let\u2019s be everything, in every way possible, for there can be no truth where something is lacking.<br \/>\n<\/em><strong>Fernando Pessoa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The Taliban reconquest of <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/current-affairs\/global\/what-next-for-aghanistan\/\">Afghanistan<\/a><\/span> came as a shock to Western consciousness. It was not merely that a U.S.-sponsored regime proved so fragile once the troops pulled out; but the apparent enduring appetite among Afghans for policies at least purporting to be Islamic flies in the face of a starry-eyed view of humanity steadily evolving towards a uniform set of customs and beliefs.<\/p>\n<p>That is not to argue that common principles cannot be agreed by sovereign states \u2013 and peoples \u2013 but to expect uniformity in outlook across a global population living in starkly differing circumstances, and at varying historical junctures, appears na\u00efve at best. Any globalisation project striving for homogeneity will surely fail.<\/p>\n<p>In abandoning religious traditions \u2013 as many of us have done \u2013 it may be that we are losing ethical frameworks grounded in those traditions with profound consequences for relations among ourselves, and with Earth itself. It begs the question: at a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">critical juncture for humanity<\/span> does faith, or transcendence, offer a path out of despair, and indeed a Theology of Hope? We may further ask whether, without this ethical grounding, if the direction of scientific research is guided by a reliable moral compass, or simply the exigencies of a Capitalist market?<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Frank Armstrong explores the historical origins of capitalism, as the steady financialisation of property threatens the good life we have a right to expect.<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/Lq7z4PeWCP\">https:\/\/t.co\/Lq7z4PeWCP<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/broadsheet_ie?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@broadsheet_ie<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BowesChay?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@BowesChay<\/a> @liamherrick <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/williamhboney1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@williamhboney1<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/KevinHIpoet1967?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@KevinHIpoet1967<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/VillageMagIRE?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@VillageMagIRE<\/a> @RoryHearne<\/p>\n<p>&mdash; CassandraVoices (@VoicesCassandra) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/VoicesCassandra\/status\/1438071118456295424?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">September 15, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Peace on Earth<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Without subscribing to the banal equanimity of moral relativism disregarding gross human rights violations, we should question all military interventions in pursuit of peace. Saint Augustine in the <em>City of God<\/em> stated: \u2018there is no man who does not wish for peace\u2026 even when men wish a present state of peace to be disturbed \u2026 they do so not because they hate peace but because they desire the present peace to be exchanged for one that suits their wishes.\u2019 The Hippocratic Oath might be adapted in international relations whenever the invasion of another country is contemplated: \u2018first do no harm.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>The idea of peace for eternity is an illusion. So Francis Fukuyama\u2019s <em><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/literature\/poetry\/poetry-quincy-lehr\/\">The End of History<\/a><\/span> and the Last Man<\/em> (1992) \u2013 where \u2018the struggle for recognition, the willingness to risk one\u2019s life for a purely abstract goal, the worldwide ideological struggle that called forth daring, courage, imagination, and idealism\u2019 is \u2018replaced by economic calculation, the endless solving of technical problems, environmental concerns, and the satisfaction of sophisticated consumer demands\u2019 \u2013 now seems an increasingly absurd notion, formulated in a moment of peak post-Cold War hubris.<\/p>\n<p>Likewise, a Marxist assumption that History will simply end, thereby removing a requirement for politics, or for difficult choices to be decided is also, sadly, Utopian; this is notwithstanding the continued relevance of Marxist analysis to current economic relations, in particular a seemingly inexorable widening in the gap between rich and poor in an age of technology; and the idea of <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1086\/210315\">metabolic rift<\/a><\/span>, meaning, broadly: the alienation of exploited workers from their environment.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, both Liberals and Marxists have fallen prey to an assumption that we are bound for a Promised Land governed by Enlightenment Values. In fact, Enlightenment philosophers such as David Hume called into question fundamental rights derived from an Aristotelian tradition, developed in Europe over centuries. Science only emerged as a distinct discipline in the 1830s, untethered from an ethical foundation in philosophy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12209\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12209\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12209 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/MujadeenwithReagan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"904\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12209\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Reagan meeting with Afghan mujahideen at the White House in 1983.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>Religion in Global Diplomacy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Taliban\u2019s victory demonstrated that religious identity remains a galvanising force in politics, beyond even national identity, in the developing world especially. Although, it should be noted that the Taliban is largely drawn from the dominant Pashtun ethnic group. We may also safely assume a long Afghan tradition of resistance to foreign occupation remains an inspiration.<\/p>\n<p>Nonetheless, as the case of ISIS also highlighted, and indeed the perseverance of the Religious Right in the U.S., we in Europe especially should reconcile ourselves to the endurance of belief systems other than our own dominant secularism. For, as the authors Philip McDonagh, Kishon Manocha, John Neary and Lucia V\u00e1zquez Medonza of a new work <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/On-the-Significance-of-Religion-for-Global-Diplomacy\/McDonagh-Manocha-Neary-Mendoza\/p\/book\/9780367514358\"><em>On the Significance of Religion for Global Diplomacy <\/em><\/a><\/span>(Routledge, London, 2020) point out, it is a fallacy to equate \u2018modernisation\u2019 with a decline of religious observance.<\/p>\n<p>This work provides an important guide to negotiate challenges in a world where those professing no religion amount to just 16% of the population. Globally, atheism is a strictly a minority taste, a point its often evangelical advocates are wont to ignore. Thus, in the half century since Iran\u2019s Islamic Revolution in 1979, we have witnessed a succession of political movements emerge shaped by religious identities \u2013 if not the humane insights contained within all traditions.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12345\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12345\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12345 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/BrazilianBaptist.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"764\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12345\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Show on the life of Jesus at Igreja da Cidade, affiliated to the Brazilian Baptist Convention, in S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil, 2017<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>Religion as a Force for Good and Ill<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Anyone advocating in favour of a place for religion in the public sphere must grapple with a strong tendency for this to be expressed in fundamentalist politics \u2013 a word, incidentally, deriving from the description of Protestant sects of the early twentieth century. All too often, where religion lies behind political formations it has brought harsh ordinances, generally to the detriment of women \u2013 in terms of their status relative to men \u2013 in a patriarchal order.<\/p>\n<p>In power as such, we have witnessed the crushing of dissent, or heresies. Indeed, the approach of many rulers claiming faith-based authority resembles that of the Grand Inquisitor from Fyodor Dostoyevsky\u2019s <em>The Brothers Karamoz<\/em>, who Laurens van der Post described as \u2018the visionary anticipation of Stalin and his kind.\u2019 This tale or parable, which the character of Ivan Karamazov\u2019s recounts in the novel, is set in post-Reformation Spain, where the all-powerful Inquisitor is visited by a resurrected Christ. The fearsome leader, however, dismisses the putative saviour, revealing that the Church has embraced the devil:<\/p>\n<p><em>we have accepted from him what You had rejected with indignation, that last gift that he offered You, showing You all the kingdoms of the earth: we accepted Rome and the sword of Caesar from him, and we proclaimed ourselves the only kings on earth, the only true kings. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Grand Inquisitor maintains that he is serving the common people, who will be lost if freedom of conscience is permitted. He thus banishes the saviour with the words: \u2018we shall withhold the secret and, to keep them happy, we shall opiate them with promises of eternal reward in heaven.\u2019<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Characteristics of the Grand Inquisitor\u2019s approach were evident in the Irish Catholic Church after independence that opiated the people \u201cwith promises of eternal reward in heaven.\u201d Thus, Ronan Sheehan describes a \u2018Theology of Incarceration\u2019 \u2013 associated in particular with the legacy of Matt Talbot in his visionary <em>Dublin: Heart of the City<\/em> (2016).<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">The example of Matt Talbot&#39;s piety was used by the Irish Catholic Church in inculcate subservience as the downtrodden were told to await their reward in heaven.<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/8uOS8DgHKe\">https:\/\/t.co\/8uOS8DgHKe<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/broadsheet_ie?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@broadsheet_ie<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/vincentbrowne?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@vincentbrowne<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/fotoole?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@fotoole<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/connolly16frank?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@connolly16frank<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/gemmadunleavy1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@gemmadunleavy1<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AlanGilsenan1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@AlanGilsenan1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; CassandraVoices (@VoicesCassandra) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/VoicesCassandra\/status\/1351868526877954048?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 20, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>However, notwithstanding <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/society-culture\/society\/mother-and-baby-home-whitewash-compounds-victims-torture\/\">criminal actions of Catholic clergy<\/a><\/span>, we may question whether contemporary Ireland is a more, or less, caring society. There are certainly greater opportunities for women \u2013 but in an increasingly two-tier society in <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">housing<\/span>, health and education it is a shrinking number that can avail of these.<\/p>\n<p>In an increasingly neoliberal society political ambitions have given way to passivity. The authors of <em>On the Significance of Religion for Global Diplomacy<\/em> remind us that twentieth century history witnessed resistance to National Socialism, and plans for the Welfare State \u2018inspired to a large extent by leaders who were religious leaders.\u2019 There are numerous examples of religious leaders and movements in developing countries, from Gandhi to Hamas, that have emphasised the importance of social programmes. The Catholic Church under Pope Francis is also now engaging seriously with many of the profound social and environmental questions of our age.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6036\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6036\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6036 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/percy-bysse-shelley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6036\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Percy Bysshe Shelley 1792-1822.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>Poetic Origins<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A more acceptably entry to the idea of religion \u2013 for a younger generation anyway \u2013 is perhaps through poetry. The authors of <em>On the Significance of Religion for Global Diplomacy<\/em> locate religion in poetic inspiration, which has often arrived in response to tyranny, as in Percy Bysshe <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Shelley<\/span>\u2019s plea in \u2018The Masque of Anarchy\u2019 (1819):<\/p>\n<p><em>Let a vast assembly be,<br \/>\nAnd with great solemnity<br \/>\nDeclare with measured words that ye<br \/>\nAre, as God has made ye, free&#8211;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Shelley wrote the first public argument for <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.symbiosiscollege.edu.in\/assets\/pdf\/e-learning\/syba\/English\/THE-NECESSITY-OF-ATHEISM-5.pdf\">atheism<\/a><\/span> in England as a young student in Oxford, but this may be considered an undergraduate flourish, designed to provoke. As his career developed, according to his wife Mary Shelley, he became a \u2018disciple of the Immaterial Philosophy of Berkeley. This theory gave unity and grandeur to his ideas, while it opened a field for his imagination.\u2019<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[ii]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Shelley\u2019s work emphasised a divine inspiration, and believed a poet\u2019s \u2018impartial care for the birth of situations\u2019 reaches towards goodness. Likewise, Osip Mandelstam said \u2018the consciousness of our rightness is dearer to anything else in poetry.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Many poets maintain, at least in private, that their inspiration, including that conveying moral ideas, is in a sense, god-given, or at least derived from an \u2018other\u2019 world. Thus, the Ancient Greek poet Hesiod describes a certain kind of judge, touched by the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Muses<\/span>, who \u2018can put a quick and expert end even to a great quarrel.\u2019 Viewed as such, religion may yet offer a poetic space for developing empathy, imagining a new world, and holding on to what remains sacred in a dying planet.<\/p>\n<p>For the authors of <em>On the Significance of Religion for Global Diplomacy<\/em>, the formulation of \u2018a more just arrangement of human affairs\u2019 comes about not only through philosophical reasoning, but also in a Theology of Hope. Thus, the say \u2018the meaning or pattern in events shines out in the perspective of eternity.\u2019 This is the faith of a Dietrich Bonhoeffer who believed that \u2018something new can be born that is not discernible in the alternatives of the present.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, the authors \u2018do not argue for theocracy in any form,\u2019 and instead \u2018argue merely that to try to exclude God and religion from the conversation would be about our global future is to aim deliberately low.\u2019<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-12347 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Serotonin_Houellebecq_novel.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"403\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Everything is Permitted?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Does the negation of religion \u2013 however tenuous and abstract \u2013 leave us operating within a moral void, where, as in the words of Ivan Karamazov: \u2018everything is permitted,\u2019 including murder? This is not to say that all atheists operate without moral scruples, but ultimate justifications for \u201crightness\u201d or \u201cgoodness\u201d may prove elusive in the absence of faith or transcendence. Through the character of Ivan in <em>The Brothers Karamazov<\/em>, Dostoyevsky wonders what deeds we are capable of in the absence of divine judgment.<\/p>\n<p>More broadly, we may ask whether a new species of evil develops in a value-less neoliberal setting, where callous murders are increasingly commonplace \u2013 not least in the gangland shootings we have grown accustomed to in Dublin in recent times? Is it simply fear of being caught in the act that holds back more of us from committing heinous crimes?<\/p>\n<p>Contemporary alienation has been powerfully expressed by Michel Houellebecq the French author of <em>Atomised<\/em> (1998) and other novels. His latest offering, <em>Serotonin<\/em> (2019) again plumbs the depths. Here, we find a narrator contemplating the murder of the four-year-old son by another father of the love of his life, after coming to the conclusion the child would stand in the way of a successful revival of their relationship.<\/p>\n<p>His mind returns to his own feelings as a young child after a New Year celebration. Adopting a neo-Darwinian, (scientific?) outlook, he observes:<\/p>\n<p><em>it was as that memory came into my mind that I understood Camille\u2019s son, that I was able to put myself in his place, and that identification gave me the right to kill him. To tell the truth, if I had been a stag or a Brazilian macaque, the question wouldn\u2019t even have arisen: the first action of a male mammal when he conquers a female is to destroy all her previous offspring to ensure the pre-eminence of her genotype. This attitude has been maintained for a long time in the human population.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>He continues:<\/p>\n<p><em>I don\u2019t think that contrary forces, the forces that tried to keep me on track for murder, had much to do with morality; it was an anthropological matter, a matter of belonging to a late species, and of adhering to the code of that late species \u2013 a matter of conformity<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Overcoming \u201cconformity\u201d, \u2018the rewards would not be immediate\u2019 he says, \u2018Camille would suffer, she would suffer enormously, I would have to wait at least six months before resuming contact. And then I would come back, and she would love me again.\u2019<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[iii]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Houellebecq\u2019s \u201ccontrary forces\u201d represent an increasing loss of moral conviction. As the characters conformity diminishes, the \u201ccode\u201d of our \u201clate species\u201d breaks down and the possibility of violence increases, as we see in the book\u2019s characterisation of the violent response of farmers to a neoliberal order that is putting them out of business.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, however, Houellebecq\u2019s narrator proves incapable of pulling the trigger as he has intended, entering what he refers to as an <em>endless night<\/em>, \u2018and yet\u2019, he says:<\/p>\n<p><em>deep within me, there remained something less than a hope, let\u2019s say an uncertainty. One might also say that even when one has personally lost the game, when one has played one\u2019s last card, for some people \u2013 not all, not all \u2013 the idea remains that something in heaven will pick up the hand, will arbitrarily decide to deal again, to throw the dice again, even when one has never at any moment in one\u2019s life sensed the intervention or even the presence of any kind of deity, even when one is aware of not especially deserving the intervention of a favourable deity, and even when one realises, bearing in mind the accumulation of mistakes and errors that constitute one\u2019s life, that one deserves it less than anyone.<a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><strong>[iv]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Hope springs eternal it seems, even in a novelist-of-despair such as Houellebecq.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, if we refuse the temptation to pull the trigger and reset our lives; if we embrace an idea of hope; we may conceive the Earth itself to be sacred; a view shared by all religious traditions, which enjoin respect towards all life on the planet. One wonders whether a view of all life on Earth being sacred is shared by pure materialists. Moreover, untethered to any faith tradition is \u201ceverything permitted\u201d in scientific research?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1238\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1238\" style=\"width: 588px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1238 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Machiavelli.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"332\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1238\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Niccol\u00f2 Machiavelli 1469-1527.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>The Political Craft<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Contemporary politics often appears to operate within a moral vacuum, where warfare is conducted through drone strikes, and the planet reels under the impact of over-exploitation; while even in Advanced Economies, millions endure shocking poverty. New forms of propaganda have been unleashed via a social media that is removing agency, implanting ideas that distort politics. Most politicians claim to care, but as often as not they distract from the structural questions and emphasise issues of only peripheral relevance to the lives of ordinary people. In particular, identity politics has been used to divide and conquer, while the wealth of billionaires continues to accumulate.<\/p>\n<p>The authors of <em>On the Significance of Religion for Global Diplomacy<\/em> come down squarely against the statecraft associate with Niccol\u00f2 Machiavelli, which now appears ascendant in a contemporary politics of spin \u2013 where <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/current-affairs\/global\/september-11th-recalled\/\">September 11<\/a><\/span> was \u2018<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">a good day to bury bad news<\/span>\u2019. Here, according to the authors: \u2018Deceit, and even cruelty, are justified by results \u2013 by their results as measured over time \u2013 which requires very sharp judgment by the <em>Prince<\/em> if his recourse to <em>realpolitik<\/em> is not to undermine the moral standards of \u2018ordinary people.\u2019\u2019 Means cannot easily be distinguished from ends, while the body politic is contaminated by mendacious politicians.<\/p>\n<p>They argue: \u2018Not to tell lies or to make contradictory promises would seem to be a rule of peace-building that we should never set aside.\u2019 Lies erode trust in institutions and tend to catch up with political actors. Tony Blair and his <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/current-affairs\/killing-kelly\/\">45-minute<\/a> <\/span>claims before the invasion of Iraq in 2003 is an obvious example, albeit one unmentioned in the book.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11744\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11744\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11744 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/IrelandResponse.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"407\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11744\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image (c) Daniele Idini<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>Pandemic Response<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A Populist wave emanating from the Americas has, thus far at least, failed to propel a European equivalent into power. Nonetheless, distrust in politicians and the media is probably at an all-time high, and with some justification. Moreover, all too often, <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/science-environment\/science\/covid-19-in-ireland-elusive-facts\/\">scientists guiding government<\/a><\/span> policy have adopted Machiavellian approaches that only fuel paranoia.<\/p>\n<p>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/science-environment\/science\/covid-19-unanswered-questions\/\">origins of the pandemic<\/a><\/span> itself are shrouded in mystery, amidst a growing suspicion that the COVID-19 virus is a product of so-called \u2018gain of function\u2019 research, involving US government agencies and China.<\/p>\n<p>Attempts to supress this involvement \u2013 including by EcoHealth\u2019s <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.timeshighereducation.com\/news\/under-fire-lancet-admits-conflict-interest-lab-leak-letter\">Peter Daszak<\/a><\/span>, who jointly authored an article in <em>The Lancet<\/em> dismissing the idea out of hand at the beginning of the pandemic \u2013 generates serious concern. A recent slew of emails <a href=\"https:\/\/usrtk.org\/biohazards-blog-index\/\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">released under freedom of information<\/span><\/a>: \u2018indicate involvement by individuals with undisclosed conflicts of interest; limited peer-review; and a lack of even-handedness and transparency regarding the consideration of lab-origin theories within the scientific community.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Would anyone who believes in the sacredness of life on Earth engage in work so fundamental to all life on Earth? It recalls the inventor of the Atomic Bomb Charles Oppenheimer\u2019s quoting <em>The Bhagavad Ghita<\/em>: \u2018I am death destroyer of worlds.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Ethical debates in science would surely benefit from religious insights. As Laurens van der Post put it: \u2018For me the passion of spirit we call \u2018religion\u2019, and the love of truth that impels the scientist, come from one indivisible source, and their separation in the time of my life was a singularly artificial and catastrophic amputation.\u2019<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12348\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12348\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12348 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/FauciTrump.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12348\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fauci speaks to the White House press corps on COVID-19 in April 2020.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>Bioterror Czar<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Damningly, in 2011, in the capacity of George Bush\u2019s \u2018bioterror czar\u2019 the long-time Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Chief Medical Advisor to the President Anthony Fauci argued that the benefits of \u2018engineered viruses\u2019 made it a \u2018<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/gdpr-consent\/?next_url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.washingtonpost.com%2fopinions%2fa-flu-virus-risk-worth-taking%2f2011%2f12%2f30%2fgIQAM9sNRP_story.html\">risk worth taking<\/a><\/span>.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>During the pandemic Fauci appeared as a rational antidote to the bleach-belching Trump, but is prone to an arrogance assuming he can do no wrong. This is epitomised by the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/society\/fauci-gain-of-function\/\">remarkable statement<\/a><\/span>: \u2018A lot of what you\u2019re seeing as attacks on me, quite frankly, are attacks on science.\u2019 In other words, <em>Le Science C\u2019est Moi<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>An early example of Fauci\u2019s mendacity was his claim that he committed a \u2018<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/slate.com\/technology\/2021\/07\/noble-lies-covid-fauci-cdc-masks.html\">white lie<\/a><\/span>\u2019 in relation to the efficacy of masks. He said that he shaded the truth to avert a run on scarce equipment. Even if we take him at his word, why should the public believe what he is saying thereafter is not also a white lie? This is the attitude of a Grand Inquisitor who believes the little people cannot hope to understand the big questions. But this Machiavellian approach easily backfires.<\/p>\n<p>As <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/society\/fauci-gain-of-function\/\">David Bromwich in <em>The Nation<\/em><\/a><\/span> put it:<\/p>\n<p><em>In this testimony, as in much of his conduct over the past two years, Dr. Fauci was speaking \u201cnothing but the truth.\u201d Yet he was mindful of what Jesuits used to call a reservation.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>A reservation, in this sense, is an unspoken qualification. The speaker telegraphs a public meaning, confident it will be misunderstood. He holds in reserve a private meaning whose release might damage a higher cause (a cause known to the speaker and God, of which God approves). For God, in this context, we should read: \u201cUS government institutions of scientific research.\u201d Yet American support of catastrophically hazardous experimentation was by no means the only pertinent fact withheld from American citizens.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>There are perhaps programmes that a government can justifiably occlude, but it enters dangerous territory in doing so. Fauci\u2019s over-weening arrogance \u2013 tying his own fate to the credibility of science which is enshrined as the guiding light for humanity \u2013 appears to have led him to the moral failings of the Grand Inquisitors that we associate with religions in power.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12349\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12349\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12349 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cassandravoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/DublinProtest.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"802\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12349\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Lives Matter Dublin Protest June 1st 2020.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><em>A Point of Inflection<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The authors of<em> On the Significance of Religion for Global Diplomacy<\/em> stress a need for preserving universal values, and institutions, while upholding a spirit of hopefulness in the face of seemingly insurmountable challenges for humanity. History shows that democratic institutions alone cannot be trusted, given the extent to which opinions are moulded using increasingly sophisticated propaganda. This is one reason why we have constitutions that purport to contain immutable and even transcendent values.<\/p>\n<p>As the authors stress, \u2018we have reached a point of inflection in the global story\u2019 and if they are to address forthcoming challenges religions \u2018need to make themselves understood in the common language of reason.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>The input of the billions of religious should be welcomed in our public discourse, and not associated with ignorance in a one-track view of development. In particular, the idea of all life on planet Earth being sacred should be affirmed, although tendencies towards authoritarianism and mendacity among representatives of religions requires attention.<\/p>\n<p>In an age of science, where humans act as gods, altering the building blocks of life we can draw on wisdom contained within religious traditions on the sacredness of life. In a world of mounting challenges, even those of us who have dismissed religion from our lives may benefit from consideration of core principles contained therein. In any case, we must navigate a path through a world where, like it or not, religious belief remains the norm.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span class=\"mw-mmv-title\">Featured Image: The Thinker in the Gates at the Mus\u00e9e Rodin<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[i]<\/a> Fyodor Dostoevsky, <em>The Brothers Karamazov<\/em>, translated by Ignat Avsey, Oxford World Classics (1994), p. 322-325<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[ii]<\/a> Kenneth Neill Cameron \u2018Philosophy, Religion and Ethics\u2019 in <em>Shelley: The Golden Years, <\/em>Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1971<em>,<\/em> p.151<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[iii]<\/a> Michel Houellebecq, <em>Serotonin<\/em>, translated by Shaun Whiteside, Penguin, London, 2019, p.265-266<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[iv]<\/a> Ibid, p.270<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Midway upon the journey of our life I found myself within a forest dark, For the straightforward pathway had been lost. Dante Alighieri Religion is an emotional need of mankind. The rationalist may not want it, but he has to admit that other people may&#8230; Let\u2019s not leave out a single god! [\u2026] Let\u2019s be [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12338,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[257,322,501,588,2201,2813,2815,3079,3207,3249,3442,3541,4078,4107,4876,5375,6085,6157,6833,6910,7097,7126,7127,7128,7192,7728,7771,7960,8275,8280,8347,8396,8594,8846,8922,8965,9038,9073,9359,9468,10207],"class_list":["post-12337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-2","tag-a-point-of-inflection","tag-afghanistan","tag-and","tag-anthony-fauci","tag-dante-alighieri","tag-ecohealths-peter-daszak","tag-economics","tag-everything-is-permitted","tag-fauci-jesuitical-answers","tag-fernando-pessoa","tag-francis-fukuyama","tag-fyodor-dostoyevskys-the-brothers-karamoz","tag-hesiod","tag-history","tag-jesuitical-answer","tag-laurens-van-der-post","tag-metabolic-rift","tag-michel-houellebecq","tag-on-the-significance-of-religion-for-global-diplomacy","tag-osip-mandelstam","tag-percy-bysshe-shelley","tag-peter-doziek","tag-peter-doziek-ecohealth","tag-peter-doziek-lab-leak-theory","tag-philip-mcdonagh","tag-religion","tag-reservation","tag-ronan-sheehan","tag-september-11-was-a-good-day-to-bury-bad-news","tag-serotonin","tag-shelleys-atheism","tag-significance","tag-st-augustine","tag-taliban","tag-the","tag-the-brothers-karamazov","tag-the-end-of-history","tag-the-grand-inquisitor","tag-theology-of-hope","tag-tony-blair-and-his-45-minute","tag-world"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12337\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casswp.eutonom.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}